Can you do flat, hierarchical, network, relational, star, snowflake schema in OLAP? Why not?

Albert Wong
2 min readNov 27, 2023

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Star Schema. You need the ability to perform JOINS at scale.

You can do flat (also known as denormalized), but once you move from flat, you need the ability to do JOINS. Many OLAP databases can’t do JOINS at scale (eg. high queries per second / QPS or across GB, TB or PB of data in single seconds or sub-seconds query times). Read more at https://celerdata.com/blog/denormalizing-tables-to-avoid-joins-pros-cons-and-alternatives. There are only a few databases were you can do flat, hierarchical, network, relational, star, snowflake schema in OLAP at scale.

StarRocks: StarRocks was designed to address the challenges of real-time analytics, including the need to support high concurrency, low latency, a wide range of analytical workloads and offers the ability to query data directly from data lakes. StarRocks received InfoWorld’s 2023 BOSSIE Award for best open source software. Read more at http://starrocks.io

Clickhouse: ClickHouse is an open-source column-oriented database management system (DBMS) for online analytical processing (OLAP). It is designed for real-time analytics and can handle large volumes of data with high performance. ClickHouse is used by a number of companies, including Netflix, Airbnb, and Uber, to power their real-time analytics applications. Read more at http://clickhouse.com

Trino: Trino, formerly known as PrestoSQL, is an open-source distributed SQL query engine that is designed to run fast analytic queries against various data sources ranging in size from gigabytes to petabytes. It is a popular choice for data lakehouse architectures, where it can query data directly from its native storage format, such as Iceberg or Delta Lake. Trino is known for its high performance and ability to handle complex queries efficiently. It is also scalable and can be deployed on a cluster of machines to handle large workloads. Read more at http://trino.io

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Albert Wong

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